A brief introduction to the battery:

The concept of battery started in late 1790s and it came into reality when Alessandro Volta made the first battery in the year 1800. By definition, a battery is a container that is filled with special chemicals that electro-chemically reacts together to produce electrons. Batteries are used for and in diverse range of electronic products ranging from toys to electronic gadgets, computers, music players, electronic medical instruments etc. Heavy and relatively more powerful batteries are used in cars that contains two heavy lead plates located at the terminals of the battery; one at each terminal.

Structure of a battery:

A universal structure of a battery includes two terminals; a positive and a negative terminal. For the sake of understanding, these terminals are labelled with + sign to represent the positive terminal and a - sign to represent the negative terminal. If a take a battery cell and notice its end, you will see something written at it; somewhat like D, C, AA or AAA; these are standard labels.

Working of a Battery:

We all know that the current flows from negative terminal towards positive terminal. The chemical reaction that takes place inside the cell produces electrons that are collected at the negative terminal of the battery. The number of electrons that can transfer from the negative terminal to the positive terminal is determined by the speed of the electrons. When a wire is connected between the positive terminal and the negative terminal; electrons start flowing from the negative terminal to the positive terminal at a blistering speed. This speedy flow of electrons can quickly wear out the battery if it is not connected with any type of load like a motor, circuit etc. If the battery is not connected to any device and is left as it is, then it has the potential of retaining its power; even for years and can be used later. Some batteries are re-chargeable; means that you can re-charge them after they are dried out.

Most of the devices today use at least two or more batteries. Multiple batteries are combined so that the collective voltage can be increased. When two or more batteries are used, they are arranged in a special order for varying requirements. If the voltage has to be increased, then the batteries are arranged in serial order, however, if the current has to be increased then the batteries are arranged in parallel order.

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